Engrave in stone: How laser engraving works

Laser engraving, an effective method when it comes to engraving in stone, gives you precision and efficiency beyond the ordinary. With digital control, you create sharp texts, logos and patterns that maintain their quality for an incredibly long time. We offer market-leading laser engraving machines from Trotec.

Engrave in stone – easily and effectively with a laser

When you engrave with a laser engraving machine A strong, focused laser beam is directed at the surface of the stone, removing stone material and creating a sharp engraving. Since the process is digitally controlled, you can easily create detailed patterns, texts or images directly from a computer file that the machine reads. The laser heats the surface of the stone so much that a thin layer evaporates or crumbles, leaving a clear and permanent engraving.

For thousands of years, we have shaped and engraved stone. Traditional techniques – chiseling, grinding and sandblasting – have long been standard methods, but they can sometimes be time-consuming, inefficient and have their creative limitations. With laser technology, the industry has gained a powerful tool that automates the work, increases precision and gives us the opportunity to explore completely new areas in both art and industry and craft.

Is laser the best option for engraving stone?

So which method is actually best for engraving stone? In short, laser engraving often stands out from the crowd when you weigh up speed, precision and adaptability. A major advantage is that the laser works without physical contact with the stone, which means less risk of damage and wearYou can also easily make changes to the design digitally – something that makes the technology suitable for both single jobs and larger series.

But there are of course limits to what the laser can do. For really deep patterns or extremely hard types of stone, traditional methods like sandblasting or CNC milling may work better. Some stones, especially porous ones or those with embedded materials, can also be tricky for the laser. Therefore, it is important to match the right technique to the material, the result you want and how large the production should be.

How Trotec laser engraving machines work

At Logimark we offer laser engraving machines from Trotec, which is a world-leading manufacturer in the industry. Using an intense laser beam, the machine heats the surface of the stone and creates a permanent engraving of text or patterns. Despite the advanced technology, the laser is easy to use.

Here is a brief explanation of how it works:

• Laser source: Trotec offers both CO2 lasers and fiber lasers, depending on the material you want to process. CO2 engraving is ideal for materials such as stone, wood, plastic and acrylic, while fiber lasers are better suited for engraving and marking on metal.

• Laser beam movement: The path of the beam is guided by mirrors and lenses that concentrate the laser on the selected surface. The movement is then controlled by a computerized system that allows for the creation of very detailed and precise patterns.

• Laser effect: When using a laser engraving machine from Trotec, you can adapt the engraving to the type of stone and desired result by adjusting the laser power and speed. This way, you can achieve everything from superficial marks to deeper engravings.

In addition, Trotec laser engraving machines are equipped with InPack technology – a robust protection system that effectively blocks dust and dirt particles from reaching the most sensitive parts of the machine. 

Read more about how a laser engraving machine works.

Uses for engraving in stone

Laser engraving on stone has found its way into many different contexts. Some of the most common uses are:

• Memorial stones and tombstones: Engrave detailed portraits, symbols and texts that last for generations.

• Signs and company logos: Stone engraving is weatherproof and is ideal for outdoor signs.

• Interior details and artwork: Create unique tabletops, wall tiles or artwork with photorealistic motifs.

• Personalized gifts and jewelry: Create engraved stone hearts, bracelets or key rings with names, dates or quotes.

• Photogravures and portraits: On the right type of stone, you can transfer images directly to the stone as a personalized gift or keepsake.

• Architectural details: Facades, steps or columns can be engraved with patterns, texts or ornaments.

• Awards and honors: Engrave heavy, exclusive trophies or plaques in stone.

Stone types suitable for laser engraving

Granite

When granite is laser engraved on a polished surface, a light gray to white engraving appears that stands in stark contrast to the dark stone. This is why granite is often used for tombstones, memorials, and signs, where the engraving remains sharp and durable even in harsh weather conditions.

Marble

Dark marble responds to laser engraving by forming a light, matte contrast that highlights details, making it ideal for signs, artistic projects and memorial plaques with distinct motifs. Light marble produces a more subtle effect, as the engraving blends into the stone's own color.

Slate

Slate has a dark, natural surface that makes laser engravings stand out sharply. The smooth yet textured surface gives each engraving a unique look. This type of stone is often engraved for placemats, signs and artwork, where the dark background highlights light patterns and texts.

Ceramics

Ceramics have a wide range of design possibilities, and laser engraving can create both fine detailed patterns and clear text. Sometimes a special marking spray is used to enhance the contrast in the engraving. This makes ceramics a smart option for things like gifts, tiles, restaurant signs and various types of artwork.

Salt crystals

Salt crystals are a softer material that produces a subtle, translucent result when laser engraved. However, because salt crystals are soft, they are relatively fragile, and can sometimes crack or crumble during processing. Despite these difficulties, the technique is often used to create things like candle holders, gifts, and other decorative items.

CO2 laser and how it works

The most common type of laser for engraving stone is the CO2 laser, which operates at a wavelength of 10,6 microns. The laser is controlled by a computer, which translates your design into movements and pulses on the work surface. By varying the power, speed and focus, you can control the depth and contrast of the engraving.

CO2 lasers are particularly effective for engraving on marble, granite, slate and ceramics. Since the machine does not require any physical contact with the stone, this process is very gentle. After engraving, the surface can be cleaned of any dust or residue with a brush or compressed air.

How to get the best results when engraving in stone

The quality depends on the properties of the stone

The surface, color, grain size, and hardness of the stone will affect how the engraving looks. Dark, polished stones provide the best contrast, while light or porous stones may produce a weaker result. Cracks, irregularities, or inclusions can also affect how smooth the engraving will be. That's why it's smart to always test a sample piece before starting a larger project.

The right method can make a big difference

When engraving stone with a laser engraving machine, you can achieve extremely high levels of detail, unlike many other processing methods. It does not require a template and can be quickly adapted to different motifs. For larger and deeper engravings, sandblasting may be more suitable – an abrasive method that requires templates and a little more work. It is often performed to highlight the natural structure of the stone or to create special patterns for both artistic expression and practical applications.

Laser engraving machines make the whole job easier

Flexibility for all materials

The Speedy series with Flexx Technology from Trotec gives you the option to work with both CO2 and fiber lasers. This allows you to switch between different materials without having to change machines, providing unique flexibility and efficiency, whether you need to work with wood, plastic, stone or metal.

Simple software for users of all levels

The Ruby software is both powerful and easy to use. You can quickly upload and customize your engravings with preset material parameters, making it easy to get started. This saves time and makes the machine great even for those new to laser engraving.

High security with the right peripherals

To ensure safe use, we offer protective equipment such as safety glasses (for laser class 4) and effective ventilation systems. Trotec laser machines are CE marked, most of which belong to safety class 2, and are developed with built-in safety features such as interlock switches, temperature sensors, laser pointers and several safety switches – all for safe use. With a robust design and advanced InPack technology, this machine is built for minimal service and long-lasting performance. However, it is important to remember to clean it regularly to ensure that it lasts as long as possible.

Engrave stones: How to succeed

To become truly skilled at engraving stone, you need to be aware of how different types of stone react to laser. Granite, for example, with its hard and dark surface, requires higher power and lower speed to produce a clear and contrasting engraving. Marble, which is softer, on the other hand, produces better results with medium power and speed. Slate is more suitable for lighter engravings, and you will get the best results with low power and high speed.

If you encounter problems such as faint prints or diffuse lines, the solution usually involves simple adjustments to machine parameters – a Fine-tuning power, speed or focus makes a big difference. Plus, our technicians are on hand to guide you through the settings.

You can also streamline your workflow by using predefined material profiles in the Ruby software. If you have the opportunity, it is also smart to utilize the machine capacity by engraving multiple objects at the same time. Thoughtful design planning is also time well invested – it minimizes waste and maximizes the potential of each valuable piece of stone.

Frequently asked questions about engraving stone

Can all stones be engraved?

No, some stones that are very hard or porous can be difficult to engrave. It is always a good idea to test on the back of the stone first.

What types of stone can be laser engraved?

Most natural stones such as granite, marble, slate, basalt, lava stone, tiles and bricks can be laser engraved. Usually, stones with a polished, flat surface and low porosity give the absolute best results.

Can a fiber laser be used to engrave stone?

No, a fiber laser does not have the right wavelength for engraving stone. It is best to use a CO2 laser to get the best possible result.

Can you cut through stone with a laser?

No, it is not possible to cut stone with regular laser systems. The laser is only used to mark and engrave stones.

Are there any limitations or problems?

Large filled areas can become uneven, and some stones can crack if the wrong parameters are used when engraving. It is advisable to test on a sample piece first and adjust the laser power and speed occasionally.

Engrave in stone with Trotec laser engraving machines

Logimark is the official dealer for Trotec laser engraving machines in Sweden, Finland, Denmark and Norway. With us you get direct contact with experienced experts and technicians who speak both Swedish and English. We also offer tailored solutions for those with more complex needs. Do not hesitate to call!

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